Stoppage of Light Made Flexible by an Additional Control Field

We show how the application of a coupling field connecting the two lower metastable states of a Lambda system facilitates stoppage of light in a coheren tly driven Doppler broadened atomic medium via electromagnetic induced transparencyComment: 11 pages, 3 figures, typed in Latex, Accepted in JM

Quest for consistent modelling of statistical decay of the compound nucleus

A statistical model description of heavy ion induced fusion-fission reactions is presented where shell effects, collective enhancement of level density, tilting away effect of compound nuclear spin and dissipation are included. It is shown that the inclusion of all these effects provides a consistent picture of fission where fission hindrance is required to explain the experimental values of both pre-scission neutron multiplicities and evaporation residue cross-sections in contrast to some of the earlier works where a fission hindrance is required for pre-scission neutrons but a fission enhancement for evaporation residue cross-sections.Comment: 14 pages, 2 figure

Alleviating the inconsistencies in modelling decay of fissile compound nuclei

This work attempts to overcome the existing inconsistencies in modelling decay of fissile nucleus by inclusion of important physical effects in the model and through a systematic analysis of a large set of data over a wide range of CN mass (ACN). The model includes shell effect in the level density (LD) parameter, shell correction in the fission barrier, effect of the orientation degree of freedom of the CN spin (Kor), collective enhancement of level density (CELD) and dissipation in fission. Input parameters are not tuned to reproduce observables from specific reaction(s) and the reduced dissipation coefficient is treated as the only adjustable parameter. Calculated evaporation residue (ER) cross sections, fission cross sections and particle, i.e. neutron, proton and alpha-particle, multiplicities are compared with data covering ACN = 156-248. The model produces reasonable fits to ER and fission excitation functions for all the reactions considered in this work. Pre-scission neutron multiplicities are underestimated by the calculation beyond ACN~200. An increasingly higher value of pre-saddle dissipation strength is required to reproduce the data with increasing ACN. Proton and alpha-particle multiplicities, measured in coincidence with both ERs and fission fragments, are in qualitative agreement with model predictions. The present work mitigates the existing inconsistencies in modelling statistical decay of the fissile CN to a large extent.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figure

Limits on the AGN activities in X-ray underluminous galaxy groups

We have observed four X-ray underluminous groups of galaxies using the Giant Meterwave RadioTelescope. The groups NGC 524, 720, 3607, and 4697 are underluminous in relation to the extrapolation of the Lx - T relation from rich clusters and do not show any evidence of current AGN activities that can account for such a departure. The GMRT observations carried out at low frequencies (235 and 610 MHz) were aimed at detecting low surface brightness, steep-spectrum sources indicative of past AGN activities in these groups. No such radio emissions were detected in any of these four groups. The corresponding upper limits on the total energy in relativistic particles is about 3 X 10$^{57}$ erg. This value is more than a factor of 100 less than that required to account for the decreased X-ray luminosities (or, enhanced entropies) of these four groups in the AGN-heating scenario. Alternatively, the AGN activity must have ceased about 4 Gyr ago, allowing the relativistic particles to diffuse out to such a large extent (about 250 kpc) that their radio emission could have been undetected by the current observations. If the latter scenario is correct, the ICM was pre-heated before the assembly of galaxy clusters.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letter

Single polymer gating of channels under a solvent gradient

We study the effect of a gradient of solvent quality on the coil-globule transition for a polymer in a narrow pore. A simple self-attracting self-avoiding walk model of a polymer in solution shows that the variation in the strength of interaction across the pore leads the system to go from one regime (good solvent) to the other (poor solvent) across the channel. This may be thought analogous to thermophoresis, where the polymer goes from the hot region to the cold region under the temperature gradient. The behavior of short chains is studied using exact enumeration whilst the behavior of long chains is studied using transfer matrix techniques. The distribution of the monomer density across the layer suggests that a gate-like effect can be created, with potential applications as a sensor.Comment: 5 Pages, 7 Figures, Accepted in Phys. Rev. E (2013

Sectoral Price Changes and Output Growth: Supply and Demand in General Equilibrium

Price changes and output growth, both at the aggregate and the sectoral level, appear to be negatively correlated. At a basic level, this suggests that sectoral “supply” shocks are more prevalent than sectoral “demand” shocks. However, it is not clear what these sectoral price-output correlations mean once one thinks in terms of general equilibrium. To help us understand the implication of these price-output correlations, this paper examines a multi-sector dynamic general equilibrium model that includes sectoral technology shocks and sectoral demand shocks, as well as aggregate money growth shocks. We show that while a model driven solely by sectoral technology shocks can generate “plausible” price-output correlations, “demand” shocks, particularly sectoral demand shocks, are needed for the model to generate the sectoral price-output correlations observed in the data. We also show that technology shocks do not always look like “supply” shocks. Positive technology shocks to sectors producing goods that are used for investment frequently result in increases in output and prices in other sectors while positive technology shocks to sectors producing goods that are used primarily as intermediate inputs look like supply shocks in other sectors.

Causality in Propagation of a Pulse in a Nonlinear Dispersive Medium

We investigate the causal propagation of the pulse through dispersive media by very precise numerical solution of the coupled Maxwell-Bloch equations without any approximations about the strength of the input field. We study full nonlinear behavior of the pulse propagation through solid state media like ruby and alexandrite. We have demonstrated that the information carried by the discontinuity, {\it i.e}, front of the pulse, moves inside the media with velocity $c$ even though the peak of the pulse can travel either with sub-luminal or with super-luminal velocity. We extend the argument of Levi-Civita to prove that the discontinuity would travel with velocity $c$ even in a nonlinear medium.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, 2 table